Ear infections are one of the most common reasons dog owners schedule a veterinary visit. These infections can cause pain, irritation, and behavior changes—and if not addressed promptly, they may lead to long-term problems. Fortunately, when caught early, dog ear infections are highly treatable. In this blog, we’ll discuss what causes them, how to spot the signs, and what to expect from treatment. If your dog has been scratching their ears or shaking their head more than usual, keep reading to learn how to help them feel better—and when to call your vet at Lake City Animal Hospital.
What Causes Dog Ear Infections?
Many factors can lead to dog ear infections, but the root cause usually involves inflammation inside the ear canal. This environment allows yeast, bacteria, or even ear mites to thrive. In most cases, dog ear infections occur when moisture, debris, or allergens disrupt the ear’s natural defenses.
Underlying Conditions
Some dogs have a higher risk of ear infections due to underlying issues like allergies, ear anatomy, or chronic skin problems. Breeds with floppy ears—such as Cocker Spaniels, Basset Hounds, and Golden Retrievers—are especially prone to recurring ear infections because their ears can trap moisture and limit airflow.
Environmental Factors
Florida’s warm, humid climate can also contribute to an increased risk of dog ear infections. Swimming, frequent baths, or damp weather can leave moisture in your dog’s ears, creating ideal conditions for bacteria or yeast to grow.
Inadequate Ear Cleaning
While cleaning your dog’s ears too often can be irritating, not cleaning them at all can lead to wax buildup, debris accumulation, and a greater chance of infection. Pet owners should always follow their veterinarian’s advice on how often and how thoroughly to clean their dog’s ears.
Recognizing Symptoms of Dog Ear Infections
Dog ear infections can look different depending on whether they’re caused by yeast, bacteria, or parasites. However, several signs are common across most types of ear infections:
- Frequent head shaking or tilting
- Scratching at one or both ears
- Redness or swelling in or around the ear canal
- Foul-smelling discharge (which may be yellow, brown, or black)
- Sensitivity or pain when touching the ear
- Scabs or crust around the ear opening
- Changes in behavior due to discomfort, such as irritability or lethargy
Chronic vs. Acute Infections
Acute dog ear infections appear suddenly and are typically easy to treat when addressed quickly. Chronic infections, on the other hand, may indicate an ongoing problem like allergies or structural abnormalities in the ear. If your dog experiences frequent ear infections, it’s important to work with your veterinarian to identify and manage any underlying conditions.
Diagnosing Dog Ear Infections at the Veterinary Hospital
If you suspect your dog has an ear infection, schedule a visit to your veterinarian at Lake City Animal Hospital right away. A proper diagnosis will determine the type of infection and the best way to treat it.
What to Expect During the Exam
At Lake City Animal Hospital, our veterinary team will start by reviewing your dog’s history and examining the ear canal. We may use an otoscope to look deep inside the ear for signs of inflammation, debris, or foreign material. Your vet may also collect a sample of the discharge to examine under a microscope. This step is essential to determine whether yeast, bacteria, or mites are present.
Identifying the Underlying Cause
Treating the infection is just the first step—identifying the cause helps prevent future problems. Your vet might ask about your dog’s grooming routine, swimming habits, or exposure to allergens. If allergies are suspected, your dog may need additional testing or a referral for dermatology care.
Treatment Options for Dog Ear Infections
Treatment depends on the type and severity of the infection. Your vet will prescribe a course of medication that targets the specific organisms causing the problem.
Topical Medications
Most dog ear infections are treated with prescription ear drops. These medications may contain a combination of antifungals, antibiotics, and anti-inflammatory ingredients to relieve itching and clear the infection. Your vet will show you how to administer the drops and clean the ear safely.
Oral Medications
In more severe cases, your vet may prescribe oral antibiotics, antifungals, or steroids in addition to topical treatments. These medications help reduce swelling and fight off deeper or more widespread infections.
Professional Ear Cleaning
If your dog has a significant buildup of wax or discharge, your vet may perform a thorough cleaning under gentle restraint or sedation. This helps remove blockages and allows medication to reach the affected areas more effectively.
Preventing Future Dog Ear Infections
Once your dog’s ears are healthy again, it’s important to take preventive steps to reduce the chance of recurrence. Some dogs are more prone to ear infections than others, so a tailored prevention plan can make a big difference.
- Maintain a Regular Cleaning Routine: Ask your veterinarian for guidance on a safe, vet-approved ear cleaner and how often to use it. Cleaning your dog’s ears too frequently can disrupt their natural barrier, but infrequent cleaning can lead to buildup and infection. The right schedule depends on your dog’s breed, activity level, and medical history.
- Dry Ears Thoroughly After Swimming or Bathing: Dogs who love the water need extra care after a swim. Use a clean towel to gently dry their ears, and keep an eye out for any signs of irritation. If your dog is a frequent swimmer, you may need to schedule periodic ear checks with your veterinarian.
- Monitor for Allergies or Skin Issues: Dogs with seasonal or food allergies may be more likely to develop recurrent ear infections. If your dog’s ears seem to flare up during certain times of year or after eating specific foods, talk to your vet about allergy testing or a dietary trial.
When It’s Time to Call Lake City Animal Hospital
If your dog shows signs of discomfort, odor, or discharge in their ears, don’t wait. Dog ear infections can progress quickly and become painful without treatment. Early intervention helps reduce the risk of complications like hearing loss or chronic inflammation. The team at Lake City Animal Hospital is equipped to help. Call us at (386) 755-0236 or request an appointment online if you notice symptoms of dog ear infections or if your dog has a history of recurring issues.